Fiber optic media ke leha e le efe mecha ea phatlalatso ea marang-rang eo ka kakaretso e sebelisang khalase, kapa fiber ea polasetiki maemong a mang a khethehileng, ho fetisetsa data ea marang-rang ka mokhoa oa maqhubu a khanyang.Lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, fiber ea optical e fetohile mofuta o ntseng o tsoela pele ho tsebahala oa mecha ea phatlalatso ea marang-rang ha tlhokahalo ea li-bandwidth tse phahameng le nako e telele e ntse e tsoela pele.
Theknoloji ea Fiber optic e fapane ts'ebetsong ea eona ho feta mecha ea litaba ea koporo e tloaelehileng hobane li-transmissions ke "digital" light pulses ho e-na le liphetoho tsa motlakase oa motlakase.Ka mokhoa o bonolo, li-transmission tsa fiber optic li kenyelletsa tse ling le li-zero tsa phetisetso ea marang-rang a dijithale ka ho bulela le ho tima mabone a leseli a mohloli oa lebone la laser, a bolelele bo fanoeng, ka maqhubu a phahameng haholo.Hangata mohloli oa leseli ke laser kapa mofuta o mong oa Light-Emitting Diode (LED).Leseli le tsoang mohloling oa leseli le bonesoa le ho tima ka mokhoa oa data e kentsoeng.Leseli le tsamaea ka har'a faeba ho fihlela lets'oao la leseli le fihla moo le eang teng 'me le baloa ke mochine oa optical detector.
Lithapo tsa fiber optic li ntlafalitsoe bakeng sa khanya e le 'ngoe kapa ho feta.Bolelele ba maqhubu a mohloli o itseng oa khanya ke bolelele, bo lekantsoeng ka li-nanometers (libilione tsa mithara, ka khutsufatso ea “nm”), pakeng tsa litlhōrō tsa maqhubu ka leqhubu le tloaelehileng la khanya le tsoang mohloling oo oa khanya.U ka nahana ka bolelele ba maqhubu e le 'mala oa khanya,' me bo lekana le lebelo la khanya le arotsoeng ke maqhubu.Tabeng ea Single-Mode Fiber (SMF), maqhubu a mangata a fapaneng a khanya a ka fetisoa ka fiber e tšoanang ka nako leha e le efe.Sena se bohlokoa bakeng sa ho eketsa matla a phetiso ea thapo ea fiber optic kaha bolelele bo bong le bo bong ba khanya ke lets'oao le ikhethileng.Ka hona, matšoao a mangata a ka fetisoa holim'a khoele e tšoanang ea fiber optical.Sena se hloka li-laser le li-detectors tse ngata 'me se bitsoa Wavelength-Division Multiplexing (WDM).
Ka tloaelo, likhoele tsa optical li sebelisa maqhubu a pakeng tsa 850 le 1550 nm, ho latela mohloli oa leseli.Ka ho khetheha, Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) e sebelisoa ho 850 kapa 1300 nm 'me SMF e atisa ho sebelisoa ho 1310, 1490, le 1550 nm ('me, ho litsamaiso tsa WDM, ka bolelele ba maqhubu ho potoloha maqhubu ana a mantlha).Theknoloji ea morao-rao e atolosetsa sena ho 1625 nm bakeng sa SMF e ntseng e sebelisoa molokong o latelang oa Passive Optical Networks (PON) bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa FTTH (Fiber-To-The-Home).Khalase e thehiloeng ho silika e pepenene haholo ho li-wavelengths tsena, ka hona phetisetso e sebetsa hantle haholo (ho na le ho fokotseha ho fokolang ha lets'oao) sebakeng sena.Bakeng sa tšupiso, leseli le bonahalang (leseli leo u ka le bonang) le na le maqhubu a bolelele bo pakeng tsa 400 le 700 nm.Boholo ba mehloli ea leseli la fiber optic e sebetsa ka har'a sebaka se haufi sa infrared (pakeng tsa 750 le 2500 nm).Ha u bone leseli la infrared, empa ke mohloli o sebetsang haholo oa lebone la fiber optic.
Multimode fiber hangata ke 50/125 le 62.5/125 kahong.Sena se bolela hore karo-karolelano ea bophara ba li-micron tse 50 ho isa ho tse 125 le 62.5 microns ho isa ho 125 microns.Ho na le mefuta e mengata ea li-multimode fiber patch cable e fumanehang kajeno, e tloaelehileng haholo ke multimode sc patch cable fiber, LC, ST, FC, ect.
Malebela: Mehloli e mengata e tloaelehileng ea mabone a fiber optic e ka sebetsa feela ka har'a leqhubu la maqhubu a bonahalang le ka holim'a mefuta e mengata ea maqhubu, eseng ka bolelele bo itseng bo itseng.Li-laser (matlafatso a khanya ka ho hlahisoa ha mahlaseli a kotsi) le li-LED li hlahisa leseli ka sekhahla se lekanyelitsoeng, esita le sa leqhubu le le leng.
TLHOKOMELISO: Mehloli ea mabone a laser e sebelisoang ka likhoele tsa fiber optic (joalo ka likhoele tsa OM3) e kotsi haholo ponong ea hau.Ho sheba ka ho toba qetellong ea fiber optical e phelang ho ka baka tšenyo e khōlō ho retina ea hau.O ka foufatswa ruri.Le ka mohla u se ke ua sheba qetellong ea thapo ea fiber optic ntle le ho qala ka ho tseba hore ha ho na mohloli oa leseli o sebetsang.
The attenuation of optical fibers (bobeli SMF le MMF) e tlase ka nako e telele ea wavelengths.Ka lebaka leo, puisano ea sebaka se selelele e atisa ho etsahala ho 1310 le 1550 nm wavelengths holim'a SMF.Lithapo tse tloaelehileng tsa optical li na le attenuation e kholoanyane ho 1385 nm.Tlhōrō ena ea metsi e bakoa ke tekanyo e nyenyane haholo (karolong ea karolo ea milione) ea metsi a kenyelletsoeng nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso.Haholo-holo ke molek'hule ea terminal -OH(hydroxyl) e nang le sebopeho sa eona sa vibrate ho 1385 nm wavelength;ka hona e kenya letsoho ho theoleheng ho hoholo ka bolelele bona ba maqhubu.Ho latela nalane, litsamaiso tsa likhokahanyo li ne li sebetsa mahlakoreng ka bobeli a tlhoro ena.
Ha maqhubu a khanya a fihla moo a eang, kutlo e nka boteng kapa ho ba sieo ha lets'oao la leseli ebe e fetola mats'oafo a khanya ho khutlela ho mats'oao a motlakase.Ha lets'oao la leseli le hasana kapa le tobana le meeli, ho na le monyetla o moholo oa ho lahleheloa ke mats'oao (attenuation).Ho feta moo, sehokelo se seng le se seng sa fiber optic lipakeng tsa mohloli oa lets'oao le moo se eang se fana ka monyetla oa tahlehelo ea matšoao.Kahoo, li-connectors li tlameha ho kenngoa ka nepo khokahanyong ka 'ngoe.Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea likhokahano tsa fiber optic tse fumanehang kajeno.Tse atileng haholo ke: ST, SC, FC, MT-RJ le LC lihokelo tsa setaele.Mefuta ena kaofela ea likhokahanyo e ka sebelisoa ka fiber ea multimode kapa single mode.
Litsamaiso tse ngata tsa phetisetso ea fiber ea LAN/WAN li sebelisa fiber e le 'ngoe bakeng sa ho fetisa le e 'ngoe bakeng sa kamohelo.Leha ho le joalo, theknoloji ea morao-rao e lumella fiber optic transmitter hore e fetise ka mahlakoreng a mabeli holim'a fiber strand e tšoanang (mohlala,feela cwdm muxsebelisa theknoloji ea WDM).Maqhubu a fapaneng a maqhubu a khanya ha a kena-kenane kaha li-detectors li lokiselitsoe ho bala feela maqhubu a itseng.Ka hona, ha u romella maqhubu a mangata holim'a khoele e le 'ngoe ea fiber ea optical, u hloka lisebelisoa tse ngata.
Nako ea poso: Sep-03-2021